reduceRight() 方法接受一个函数作为累加器(accumulator)和数组的每个值(从右到左)将其减少为单个值。
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对于从左至右遍历的相似方法请参阅 Array.prototype.reduce().
语法
arr.reduceRight(callback(accumulator, currentValue[, index[, array]])[, initialValue])
参数
-  
         callback
- 
          一个回调函数,用来操作数组中的每个元素,可接受四个参数: 
         -  
           accumulator
- 
            上一次调用回调的返回值,或提供的  
           initialValue。
-  
           currentValue
- 当前被处理的元素。
-  
           index可选
- 数组中当前被处理的元素的索引。
-  
           array可选
- 
            调用 
           reduceRight()的数组
 
-  
           
-  
         initialValue可选
- 值用作回调的第一次调用的累加器。如果未提供初始值,则将使用并跳过数组中的最后一个元素。在没有初始值的空数组上调用reduce或reduceRight就会创建一个TypeError。
-  
         返回值
-  
         执行之后的返回值。 
描述
reduceRight 为数组中每个元素调用一次 callback 回调函数,但是数组中被删除的索引或从未被赋值的索引会跳过。回调函数接受四个参数:the initial value初始值(或上次调用回调的返回值)、the value of the current element当前元素值、the current index当前索引,以及调用迭代的当前数组。
可以像下面这样调用 reduceRight 的回调函数 callback:
array.reduceRight(function(accumulator, currentValue, index, array) {
  // ...
});首次调用回调函数时,accumulator 和 currentValue 可以是两个值之一。如果调用 reduceRight 时提供了 initialValue 参数,则 accumulator等于 initialValue,currentValue 等于数组中的最后一个值。如果没有提供 initialValue 参数,则 accumulator 等于数组最后一个值, currentValue 等于数组中倒数第二个值。
如果数组为空,且没有提供 initialValue 参数,将会抛出一个 TypeError 错误。如果数组只有一个元素且没有提供 initialValue 参数,或者提供了 initialValue 参数,但是数组为空将会直接返回数组中的那一个元素或 initialValue 参数,而不会调用 callback。
该函数的完整执行过程见下例:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduceRight(function(previousValue, currentValue, index, array) {
    return previousValue + currentValue;
});
 
       回调将会被调用四次,每次调用的参数及返回值如下:
| previousValue | currentValue | index | array | return value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first call | 4 | 3 | 3 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 7 | 
| second call | 7 | 2 | 2 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 9 | 
| third call | 9 | 1 | 1 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 10 | 
| fourth call | 10 | 0 | 0 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 10 | 
reduceRight 返回值是最后一次调用回调的返回值(10)。
如果提供了一个 initialValue 参数,则结果如下:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduceRight(function(previousValue, currentValue, index, array) {
    return previousValue + currentValue;
}, 10);
 
       | previousValue | currentValue | index | array | return value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first call | 10 | 4 | 4 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 14 | 
| second call | 14 | 3 | 3 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 17 | 
| third call | 17 | 2 | 2 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 19 | 
| fourth call | 19 | 1 | 1 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 20 | 
| fifth call | 20 | 0 | 0 | [0,1,2,3,4] | 20 | 
reduceRight 返回值为 20。
示例
求一个数组中所有值的和
var sum = [0, 1, 2, 3].reduceRight(function(a, b) {
  return a + b;
});
// sum is 6扁平化(flatten)一个元素为数组的数组
var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduceRight(function(a, b) {
    return a.concat(b);
}, []);
// flattened is [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
 
       运行一个带有回调每个函数将其结果传给下一个的异步函数列表
const waterfall = (...functions) => (callback, ...args) =>
  functions.reduceRight(
    (composition, fn) => (...results) => fn(composition, ...results),
    callback
  )(...args);
const randInt = max => Math.floor(Math.random() * max)
const add5 = (callback, x) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x + 5);
};
const mult3 = (callback, x) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x * 3);
};
const sub2 = (callback, x) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x - 2);
};
const split = (callback, x) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x, x);
};
const add = (callback, x, y) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x + y);
};
const div4 = (callback, x) => {
  setTimeout(callback, randInt(1000), x / 4);
};
const computation = waterfall(add5, mult3, sub2, split, add, div4);
computation(console.log, 5) // -> 14
// same as:
const computation2 = (input, callback) => {
  const f6 = x=> div4(callback, x);
  const f5 = (x, y) => add(f6, x, y);
  const f4 = x => split(f5, x);
  const f3 = x => sub2(f4, x);
  const f2 = x => mult3(f3, x);
  add5(f2, input);
}reduce 与 reduceRight 之间的区别
var a = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']; 
var left  = a.reduce(function(prev, cur)      { return prev + cur; }); 
var right = a.reduceRight(function(prev, cur) { return prev + cur; }); 
console.log(left);  // "12345"
console.log(right); // "54321" 
       定义可组合函数
组合函数的概念简单,它结合了n个函数。它是一个从右向左流动的函数,用上一个函数的输出调用每个函数。
/**
 * Function Composition is way in which result of one function can
 * be passed to another and so on.
 *
 * h(x) = f(g(x))
 *
 * Function execution happens right to left
 *
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_composition
 */
const compose = (...args) => (value) => args.reduceRight((acc, fn) => fn(acc), value)
// Increament passed number
const inc = (n) => n + 1
// Doubles the passed value
const double = (n) => n * 2
// using composition function
console.log(compose(double, inc)(2)); // 6
// using composition function
console.log(compose(inc, double)(2)); // 5兼容性旧环境(Polyfill)
reduceRight 被添加到 ECMA-262 标准第 5 版,因此它在某些实现环境中可能不被支持。把下面的代码添加到脚本开头可以解决此问题,从而允许在那些没有原生支持 reduceRight 的实现环境中使用它。
// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.22
// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.22
if ('function' !== typeof Array.prototype.reduceRight) {
  Array.prototype.reduceRight = function(callback /*, initialValue*/) {
    'use strict';
    if (null === this || 'undefined' === typeof this) {
      throw new TypeError('Array.prototype.reduceRight called on null or undefined');
    }
    if ('function' !== typeof callback) {
      throw new TypeError(callback + ' is not a function');
    }
    var t = Object(this), len = t.length >>> 0, k = len - 1, value;
    if (arguments.length >= 2) {
      value = arguments[1];
    } else {
      while (k >= 0 && !(k in t)) {
        k--;
      }
      if (k < 0) {
        throw new TypeError('reduceRight of empty array with no initial value');
      }
      value = t[k--];
    }
    for (; k >= 0; k--) {
      if (k in t) {
        value = callback(value, t[k], k, t);
      }
    }
    return value;
  };
}
 
       规范
| Specification | Status | Comment | 
|---|---|---|
| ECMAScript 5.1 (ECMA-262) Array.prototype.reduceRight | Standard | Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.8 | 
| ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262) Array.prototype.reduceRight | Standard | |
| ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262) Array.prototype.reduceRight | Draft | 
浏览器兼容性
| Desktop | Mobile | Server | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| reduceRight | Chrome Full support 3 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 3 | IE Full support 9 | Opera Full support 10.5 | Safari Full support 4.1 | WebView Android Full support ≤37 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 4 | Opera Android Full support Yes | Safari iOS Full support 4 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support Yes | 
Legend
- Full support
- Full support