Visual C++游戏编程基础之键盘消息 - 好文

一、键盘

1.虚拟键码：Windows系统下所有的按键被视为虚拟键(包含鼠标在内)，每一个虚拟键都有其对应的虚拟键码；

2.键盘消息

(1)VM_KEWDOWN：按下按键消息；

(2)VM_KEYUP       ：松开按键消息；

(3)VM_CHAR         ：字符消息，当按下的按键为定义于ASCII码中的可打印字符时，便发出此字符消息；

3.系统键

(1)VM_SYSKEYDOWN：按下系统键消息；

(2)VM_SYSKEYUP      ：松开系统键消息；

二、键盘消息处理

1.LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM
lParam)

(1)wParam：表示按下按键的虚拟键码；

(2)lParam ：存储按键的相关状态信息；

三、利用键盘上、下、左、右控制人物

1.首先设置人物的起始贴图坐标和起始方向，用0、1、2、3表示上、下、左、右，起始设为0；

2.初始化函数中，除贴背景图外，根据方向选择要贴的人物，还有根据方向判断人物图的宽和高，以便进行透明处理和贴图

   操作，此时若没有按键操作，WinMain函数将每隔一段时间进行贴图操作，从而实现了人物的原地跑动；

3.若此时按下向下的按键，消息处理函数接收按键消息，接着要判断当前人物所处的方向，根据不同的方向，适当修正，只要有

   明显下移就可以，然后判断y的值不能比地图的高还大，要设临界值；

4.更改了贴图坐标后，把方向设为1(下是1)，然后就去指向绘图函数，然后又是重复2的操作；

四、效果

五、代码如下
#include "stdafx.h" #include <stdio.h> HINSTANCE hInst; HBITMAP girl[4],bg;
HDC hdc,mdc,bufdc; HWND hWnd; DWORD tPre,tNow; int
num,dir,x,y;//num:连续图中的小图编号;dir:人物移动的方向;x,y为人物贴图坐标 ATOM
MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); void MyPaint(HDC hdc);
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR
lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { MSG msg; MyRegisterClass(hInstance); if
(!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } while(
msg.message!=WM_QUIT ) { if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0,0 ,PM_REMOVE) ) {
TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } else { tNow =
GetTickCount(); if(tNow-tPre >= 40) MyPaint(hdc); } } return msg.wParam; } ATOM
MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize =
sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc =
(WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance =
hInstance; wcex.hIcon = NULL; wcex.hCursor = NULL; wcex.hCursor =
LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL; wcex.lpszClassName = "canvas"; wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int
nCmdShow) { HBITMAP bmp; hInst = hInstance; hWnd = CreateWindow("canvas",
"绘图窗口" , WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL,
hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; }
MoveWindow(hWnd,10,10,640,500,true); ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd); hdc = GetDC(hWnd); mdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); bufdc =
CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); bmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,640,480);
SelectObject(mdc,bmp); x = 300; y = 250;//人物的起始贴图位置(300,250) dir = 0;//起始面向上
num = 0; girl[0] =
(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl0.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,440,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
girl[1] =
(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl1.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,424,154,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
girl[2] =
(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl2.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,480,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
girl[3] =
(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl3.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,480,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE); bg =
(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"bg.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,640,480,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
MyPaint(hdc); return TRUE; } void MyPaint(HDC hdc) { int w,h;
SelectObject(bufdc,bg); BitBlt(mdc,0,0,640,480,bufdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);
SelectObject(bufdc,girl[dir]); switch(dir) { case 0: w = 55; h = 74; break;
case 1: w = 53; h = 77; break; case 2: w = 60; h = 74; break; case 3: w = 60; h
= 74; break; } BitBlt(mdc,x,y,w,h,bufdc,num*w,h,SRCAND);
BitBlt(mdc,x,y,w,h,bufdc,num*w,0,SRCPAINT);
BitBlt(hdc,0,0,640,480,mdc,0,0,SRCCOPY); tPre = GetTickCount(); num++; if(num
== 8) num = 0; } //Esc键结束程序 //方向键重设贴图坐标 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd,
UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case
WM_KEYDOWN: switch (wParam) { case VK_ESCAPE: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; case
VK_UP: switch(dir) { case 0: y -= 10; break; case 1: x -= 1; y -= 8; break;
case 2: x += 2; y -= 10; break; case 3: x += 2; y -= 10; break; } if(y < 0) y =
0; dir = 0; break; case VK_DOWN: switch(dir) { case 0: x += 1; y += 8; break;
case 1: y += 10; break; case 2: x += 3; y += 6; break; case 3: x += 3; y += 6;
break; } if(y > 375) y = 375; dir = 1; break; case VK_LEFT: switch(dir) { case
0: x -= 12; break; case 1: x -= 13; y += 4; break; case 2: x -= 10; break; case
3: x -= 10; break; } if(x < 0) x = 0; dir = 2; break; case VK_RIGHT:
switch(dir) { case 0: x += 8; break; case 1: x += 7; y += 4; break; case 2: x
+= 10; break; case 3: x += 10; break; } if(x > 575) //640-60 x = 575; dir = 3;
break; } break; case WM_DESTROY: int i; DeleteDC(mdc); DeleteDC(bufdc);
for(i=0;i<4;i++) DeleteObject(girl[i]); DeleteObject(bg); ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);
PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam,
lParam); } return 0; }

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