Python-Day07-图形用户界面和游戏开发 - 好文

Python-100Day-学习打卡 Author: Seven_0507 Date: 2019-05-22

文章目录

* Python图形用户界面和游戏开发
<https://blog.csdn.net/KEEP_GIONG/article/details/90417805#Python_8>
* 1. tkinter模块
<https://blog.csdn.net/KEEP_GIONG/article/details/90417805#1_tkinter_10>
* 2. Pygame进行游戏开发
<https://blog.csdn.net/KEEP_GIONG/article/details/90417805#2_Pygame_127>

<>Python图形用户界面和游戏开发

<>1. tkinter模块
""" 使用tkinter创建GUI - 顶层窗口 - 控件 - 布局 - 事件回调 """ import tkinter import tkinter.
messageboxdef main(): # 类属性flag flag = True # 修改标签上的文字 def change_label_text():
nonlocal flag # nonlocal关键字用来在函数或其他作用域中使用外层(非全局)变量 flag = not flag if flag:
color, msg = ('red', 'Hello, world!') else: color, msg = ('blue', 'Goodbye,
world!') label.config(text=msg, fg=color) # 确认退出 def confirm_to_quit(): if
tkinter.messagebox.askokcancel('温馨提示', '确定要退出吗?'): top.quit() # 创建顶层窗口 top =
tkinter.Tk() # 设置窗口大小 top.geometry('240x160') # 设置窗口标题 top.title('小游戏') #
创建标签对象并添加到顶层窗口 label = tkinter.Label(top, text='Hello, world!', font='Arial -32'
, fg='red') label.pack(expand=1) # 创建一个装按钮的容器 panel = tkinter.Frame(top) #
创建按钮对象指定添加到哪个容器中通过command参数绑定事件回调函数 button1 = tkinter.Button(panel, text='修改',
command=change_label_text) button1.pack(side='left') button2 = tkinter.Button(
panel, text='退出', command=confirm_to_quit) button2.pack(side='right') panel.pack
(side='bottom') # 开启主事件循环 tkinter.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
""" 使用tkinter创建GUI - 在窗口上制作动画 """ import tkinter import time # 播放动画效果的函数 def
play_animation(): canvas.move(oval, 2, 2) canvas.update() top.after(50,
play_animation) x = 10 y = 10 top = tkinter.Tk() top.geometry('600x600') top.
title('动画效果') top.resizable(False, False) top.wm_attributes('-topmost', 1)
canvas= tkinter.Canvas(top, width=600, height=600, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, 600, 600, fill='gray') oval = canvas.create_oval(
10, 10, 60, 60, fill='red') canvas.pack() top.update() play_animation() tkinter.
mainloop() # 请思考如何让小球碰到屏幕的边界就弹回 # 请思考如何用面向对象的编程思想对上面的代码进行封装 """ 用turtle模块绘图
这是一个非常有趣的模块它模拟一只乌龟在窗口上爬行的方式来进行绘图 """ import turtle turtle.pensize(3) turtle.
penup() turtle.goto(-180, 150) turtle.pencolor('red') turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.pendown() turtle.begin_fill() for _ in range(36): turtle.forward(200)
turtle.right(170) turtle.end_fill() turtle.mainloop()
<>2. Pygame进行游戏开发
""" 大球吃小球游戏步骤 - 制作游戏窗口 - 在窗口中绘图 - 加载图像 - 实现动画效果 - 碰撞检测 """ from enum import
Enum, unique from math import sqrt from random import randint import pygame #
碰撞检测 @unique class Color(Enum): """颜色""" RED = (255, 0, 0) GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE= (0, 0, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) WHITE = (255, 255, 255) GRAY = (242, 242,
242) @staticmethod def random_color(): """获得随机颜色""" r = randint(0, 255) g =
randint(0, 255) b = randint(0, 255) return (r, g, b) class Ball(object): """球"""
def __init__(self, x, y, radius, sx, sy, color=Color.RED): """初始化方法""" self.x =
x self.y = y self.radius = radius self.sx = sx self.sy = sy self.color = color
self.alive = True def move(self, screen): """移动""" self.x += self.sx self.y +=
self.sy if self.x - self.radius <= 0 or self.x + self.radius >= screen.get_width
(): self.sx = -self.sx if self.y - self.radius <= 0 or self.y + self.radius >=
screen.get_height(): self.sy = -self.sy def eat(self, other): """吃其他球""" if self
.alive and other.alive and self != other: dx, dy = self.x - other.x, self.y -
other.y distance = sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2) if distance < self.radius + other.
radius \and self.radius > other.radius: other.alive = False self.radius = self.
radius+ int(other.radius * 0.146) def draw(self, screen): """在窗口上绘制球""" pygame.
draw.circle(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y), self.radius, 0) # 事件处理 def
main(): # 定义用来装所有球的容器 balls = [] # 初始化导入的pygame中的模块 pygame.init() #
初始化用于显示的窗口并设置窗口尺寸 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600)) print(screen.
get_width()) print(screen.get_height()) # 设置当前窗口的标题 pygame.display.set_caption(
'大球吃小球') # 定义变量来表示小球在屏幕上的位置 x, y = 50, 50 running = True # 开启一个事件循环处理发生的事件 while
running: # 从消息队列中获取事件并对事件进行处理 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type ==
pygame.QUIT: running = False if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.
button== 1: x, y = event.pos radius = randint(10, 100) sx, sy = randint(-10, 10)
, randint(-10, 10) color = Color.random_color() ball = Ball(x, y, radius, sx, sy
, color) balls.append(ball) screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) for ball in balls: if
ball.alive: ball.draw(screen) else: balls.remove(ball) pygame.display.flip() #
每隔50毫秒就改变小球的位置再刷新窗口 pygame.time.delay(50) for ball in balls: ball.move(screen)
for other in balls: ball.eat(other) if __name__ == '__main__': main() pygame
1.9.6 Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html
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